diff --git a/backend/app/api/endpoints/accounts.py b/backend/app/api/endpoints/accounts.py
index c4c37488..85dde423 100644
--- a/backend/app/api/endpoints/accounts.py
+++ b/backend/app/api/endpoints/accounts.py
@@ -395,6 +395,8 @@ async def create_invites_bulk(
                 invite.email_sent_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
 
             created.append(invite)
+        except HTTPException as exc:
+            failed.append({"email": invite_data.email, "error": exc.detail})
         except Exception as e:
             failed.append({"email": invite_data.email, "error": str(e)})
 
diff --git a/backend/app/api/endpoints/oauth.py b/backend/app/api/endpoints/oauth.py
index d4ed3962..5ce3ef3f 100644
--- a/backend/app/api/endpoints/oauth.py
+++ b/backend/app/api/endpoints/oauth.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import string
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from typing import Annotated
 
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
 from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ async def _sign_in_or_register(
                     seat_result = await check_seat_available(acct, sub, invite_record.role, db)
                     if not seat_result.available:
                         raise HTTPException(
-                            status_code=402,
+                            status_code=status.HTTP_402_PAYMENT_REQUIRED,
                             detail={
                                 "code": "seat_limit_exceeded",
                                 "role": seat_result.role,
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_invite_seat_enforcement.py b/backend/tests/test_invite_seat_enforcement.py
index ddd11218..11609bfa 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_invite_seat_enforcement.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_invite_seat_enforcement.py
@@ -175,6 +175,39 @@ async def test_invite_unlimited_seat_limit_always_succeeds(client: AsyncClient,
     assert resp.status_code == 201, resp.text
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_bulk_invite_per_row_402_preserves_structured_detail(client: AsyncClient, test_db: AsyncSession):
+    """Bulk invite returns 200 overall; rows that hit the seat limit appear in the
+    `failed` list with structured detail (not a stringified repr)."""
+    owner = await _register(client, email="owner_bulk@example.com")
+    account_id = uuid.UUID(owner["account_id"])
+    headers = await _login(client, email="owner_bulk@example.com")
+
+    # seat_limit=1, already 1 engineer → next engineer invite fails
+    await _set_sub(test_db, account_id, seat_limit=1)
+    await _add_member(test_db, account_id, role="engineer")
+
+    resp = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/accounts/me/invites/bulk",
+        json={"invites": [
+            {"email": "viewer-ok@example.com", "role": "viewer"},
+            {"email": "eng-blocked@example.com", "role": "engineer"},
+        ]},
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code in (200, 201), resp.text
+    body = resp.json()
+    assert len(body["created"]) == 1
+    assert body["created"][0]["email"] == "viewer-ok@example.com"
+    assert len(body["failed"]) == 1
+    failed_row = body["failed"][0]
+    assert failed_row["email"] == "eng-blocked@example.com"
+    # Structured detail preserved (dict, not repr string)
+    assert isinstance(failed_row["error"], dict)
+    assert failed_row["error"]["code"] == "seat_limit_exceeded"
+    assert failed_row["error"]["role"] == "engineer"
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_invite_grandfathered_account_blocks_new_invites(client: AsyncClient, test_db: AsyncSession):
     """Grandfathering: existing over-seated account keeps existing users but