"""Low-level HTTP client for ConnectWise PSA REST API.

Handles auth headers, base URL resolution (cloud vs on-premise),
pagination, retry with backoff, and error mapping.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

import asyncio
import base64
import ipaddress
import logging
import socket
from typing import Any
from urllib.parse import urlparse

import httpx

from app.services.psa.exceptions import (
    PSAAuthError,
    PSAConnectionError,
    PSANotFoundError,
    PSAPermissionError,
    PSARateLimitError,
    PSAServerError,
    PSATimeoutError,
)

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# Pinned CW API version per best-practices/PSA-Versioning.md
CW_API_VERSION = "2025.16"
CW_ACCEPT_HEADER = f"application/vnd.connectwise.com+json; version={CW_API_VERSION}"

# Known CW cloud domains (for SSRF prevention)
CW_ALLOWED_DOMAINS = {
    "myconnectwise.net",
    "connectwisedev.com",
}

REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 30.0
MAX_RETRIES = 2
MAX_PAGE_SIZE = 1000


def _validate_site_url(site_url: str) -> None:
    """Validate site_url is a known CW domain (SSRF prevention).

    Rejects any hostname that is not a recognized ConnectWise domain
    and any hostname that resolves to a private/loopback/link-local IP.
    """
    # Ensure scheme for parsing
    url = site_url if "://" in site_url else f"https://{site_url}"
    parsed = urlparse(url)
    hostname = parsed.hostname or ""

    # Check against allowed domains
    if not any(
        hostname.endswith(f".{domain}") or hostname == domain
        for domain in CW_ALLOWED_DOMAINS
    ):
        raise PSAConnectionError(
            f"Invalid ConnectWise site URL: {hostname}. "
            "Must be a *.myconnectwise.net or *.connectwisedev.com domain.",
            provider="connectwise",
        )

    # Resolve and check for private IPs
    try:
        addrs = socket.getaddrinfo(hostname, None)
        for _, _, _, _, sockaddr in addrs:
            ip = ipaddress.ip_address(sockaddr[0])
            if ip.is_private or ip.is_loopback or ip.is_link_local:
                raise PSAConnectionError(
                    f"Site URL resolves to a private/internal address: {sockaddr[0]}",
                    provider="connectwise",
                )
    except socket.gaierror:
        raise PSAConnectionError(
            f"Cannot resolve hostname: {hostname}",
            provider="connectwise",
        )


class ConnectWiseClient:
    """Async HTTP client for the ConnectWise PSA API.

    Auth: Authorization: Basic {base64(companyId+publicKey:privateKey)} + clientId header
    Accept: application/vnd.connectwise.com+json; version=2025.16
    Base URL: resolved dynamically via /login/companyinfo/{companyId}
    Pagination: page/pageSize params, max 1000 per page, while-loop pattern
    Retry: respects 429 Retry-After, max 2 retries with exponential backoff for 5xx
    Timeout: 30 seconds per request
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        site_url: str,
        company_id: str,
        public_key: str,
        private_key: str,
        client_id: str,
    ):
        self.site_url = site_url.rstrip("/")
        self.company_id = company_id
        self.client_id = client_id

        # Auth: Base64(companyId+publicKey:privateKey)
        auth_string = f"{company_id}+{public_key}:{private_key}"
        self._auth_b64 = base64.b64encode(auth_string.encode()).decode()

        # Base URL resolved lazily on first request
        self._base_url: str | None = None

    async def _resolve_base_url(self) -> str:
        """Resolve the CW API base URL using /login/companyinfo/{companyId}.

        Cloud environments return a versioned codebase (e.g., v2025_3/) requiring
        an 'api-' prefix on the hostname. On-premise returns v4_6_release/ with
        no prefix needed.
        """
        if self._base_url:
            return self._base_url

        _validate_site_url(self.site_url)

        info_url = f"https://{self.site_url}/login/companyinfo/{self.company_id}"

        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=REQUEST_TIMEOUT) as client:
            try:
                resp = await client.get(info_url)
                resp.raise_for_status()
            except httpx.TimeoutException:
                raise PSATimeoutError(
                    "Timed out resolving CW base URL", provider="connectwise"
                )
            except httpx.HTTPError as e:
                raise PSAConnectionError(
                    f"Failed to resolve CW base URL: {e}", provider="connectwise"
                )

        data = resp.json()
        codebase = data.get("Codebase", "v4_6_release/")
        site_url = data.get("SiteUrl", self.site_url)

        # Cloud codebase (e.g., v2025_3/) requires api- prefix
        if codebase != "v4_6_release/":
            if not site_url.startswith("api-"):
                site_url = f"api-{site_url}"

        self._base_url = f"https://{site_url}/{codebase}apis/3.0"
        logger.info("Resolved CW base URL: %s", self._base_url)
        return self._base_url

    def _headers(self) -> dict[str, str]:
        return {
            "Authorization": f"Basic {self._auth_b64}",
            "clientId": self.client_id,
            "Accept": CW_ACCEPT_HEADER,
            "Content-Type": "application/json",
        }

    async def _request(
        self,
        method: str,
        path: str,
        *,
        params: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
        json_body: Any = None,
        retries: int = MAX_RETRIES,
    ) -> Any:
        """Make an authenticated request to the CW API with retry and error mapping."""
        base_url = await self._resolve_base_url()
        url = f"{base_url}/{path.lstrip('/')}"

        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=REQUEST_TIMEOUT) as client:
            for attempt in range(retries + 1):
                try:
                    resp = await client.request(
                        method,
                        url,
                        headers=self._headers(),
                        params=params,
                        json=json_body,
                    )
                except httpx.TimeoutException:
                    if attempt < retries:
                        await asyncio.sleep(2 ** attempt)
                        continue
                    raise PSATimeoutError(
                        "ConnectWise request timed out", provider="connectwise"
                    )
                except httpx.ConnectError:
                    raise PSAConnectionError(
                        "Cannot reach ConnectWise server", provider="connectwise"
                    )

                # Rate limit — retry with Retry-After backoff
                if resp.status_code == 429:
                    if attempt < retries:
                        retry_after = int(resp.headers.get("Retry-After", "5"))
                        await asyncio.sleep(retry_after)
                        continue
                    raise PSARateLimitError(
                        "ConnectWise rate limit exceeded",
                        retry_after_seconds=int(
                            resp.headers.get("Retry-After", "60")
                        ),
                        provider="connectwise",
                    )

                # Map error status codes to typed exceptions
                if resp.status_code == 401:
                    raise PSAAuthError(
                        "Invalid credentials. Check your API keys.",
                        provider="connectwise",
                    )
                if resp.status_code == 403:
                    raise PSAPermissionError(
                        "Insufficient permissions. Check the API member's security role.",
                        provider="connectwise",
                    )
                if resp.status_code == 404:
                    raise PSANotFoundError(
                        "Resource not found.", provider="connectwise"
                    )
                if resp.status_code >= 500:
                    if attempt < retries:
                        await asyncio.sleep(2 ** attempt)
                        continue
                    raise PSAServerError(
                        "ConnectWise is experiencing issues. Try again.",
                        provider="connectwise",
                    )

                resp.raise_for_status()
                if resp.status_code == 204:
                    return None
                return resp.json()

        # Should not reach here, but satisfy type checker
        raise PSAConnectionError(
            "Request failed after all retries", provider="connectwise"
        )

    async def get(self, path: str, params: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> Any:
        """GET request to CW API."""
        return await self._request("GET", path, params=params)

    async def post(self, path: str, json_body: Any = None) -> Any:
        """POST request to CW API."""
        return await self._request("POST", path, json_body=json_body)

    async def patch(self, path: str, json_body: Any = None) -> Any:
        """PATCH request to CW API (JSON Patch array format).

        CW uses JSON Patch syntax: [{"op": "replace", "path": "field", "value": ...}]
        """
        return await self._request("PATCH", path, json_body=json_body)

    async def delete(self, path: str) -> Any:
        """DELETE request to CW API."""
        return await self._request("DELETE", path)

    async def get_paginated(
        self,
        path: str,
        params: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
        max_pages: int = 10,
    ) -> list[Any]:
        """Fetch all pages of a paginated CW endpoint.

        Uses navigable pagination with page/pageSize params.
        Stops when a page returns fewer results than pageSize or max_pages is reached.
        """
        params = dict(params or {})
        params.setdefault("pageSize", MAX_PAGE_SIZE)
        all_results: list[Any] = []

        for page in range(1, max_pages + 1):
            params["page"] = page
            results = await self.get(path, params=params)
            if not results:
                break
            all_results.extend(results)
            if len(results) < params["pageSize"]:
                break

        return all_results
